ModelRefs / Multi-Turn Conversation — AI Glossary

Multi-Turn Conversation — AI Glossary

A dialogue spanning multiple user-assistant exchanges, requiring the model to maintain coherence, context, and task state across turns.

Overview

Multi-turn evaluation tests coherence, instruction memory (following earlier constraints in later turns), and graceful handling of topic shifts. Challenging for models due to context length limits and positional biases. ChatML (OpenAI), Anthropic Human/Assistant, and Google Gemini formats define the standard message-role conventions.

Reference details

Topicprompting
Last reviewed2026-06-24

Commonly confused with

Describes the interaction, not the payload. Conversation history is the mechanism that makes it possible, since chat endpoints keep no state between calls. Evaluating a model on single-turn benchmarks says little here: the failures specific to multi-turn are forgetting a constraint set several turns earlier and mishandling a topic shift, and neither is visible in a one-shot test.

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Frequently asked questions

What is Multi-Turn Conversation?

A dialogue spanning multiple user-assistant exchanges, requiring the model to maintain coherence, context, and task state across turns.

What concepts are related to Multi-Turn Conversation?

Closely related concepts include conversation history, message threading, context management.